{"id":1136,"date":"2026-08-03T03:12:39","date_gmt":"2026-08-02T19:12:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/byy3.com\/?p=1136"},"modified":"2026-08-03T03:12:39","modified_gmt":"2026-08-02T19:12:39","slug":"linux-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e8%b4%9f%e8%bd%bd%e9%ab%98%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e5%8a%9e%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e-cpu%e3%80%81%e5%86%85%e5%ad%98%e5%88%b0%e7%a3%81%e7%9b%98-i-o-%e7%9a%84%e6%8e%92%e6%9f%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/byy3.com\/?p=1136","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u9ad8\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1a\u4ece CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5230\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u7684\u6392\u67e5\u987a\u5e8f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7a81\u7136\u53d8\u6162\u3001\u7f51\u7ad9\u51fa\u73b0 502\u3001SSH \u5361\u987f\u6216\u8d1f\u8f7d\u98d9\u5347\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u7acb\u523b\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u81ea CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u5957\u9002\u5408 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5e38\u89c1 VPS \u7684\u6392\u67e5\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u65e2\u80fd\u7f29\u77ed\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u4f18\u5316\u7559\u4e0b\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u201c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u9ad8\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528 <code>uptime<\/code> \u6216 <code>top<\/code> \u67e5\u770b load average\u3002\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u7b49\u5f85\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5224\u65ad\u65f6\u8981\u628a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0e CPU \u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u3001CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u548c iowait \u4e00\u8d77\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>uptime\r\ntop\r\nfree -h\r\ndf -h<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>CPU \u5f88\u95f2\u4f46\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5f88\u9ad8\u65f6\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u6000\u7591\u78c1\u76d8\u7b49\u5f85\uff1b\u5185\u5b58\u8017\u5c3d\u5e76\u4e14 swap \u6301\u7eed\u589e\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u627e\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u5e76\u53d1\u914d\u7f6e\uff1b\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u6ee1\u65f6\uff0c\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u6216\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a\u627e\u51fa\u5360\u7528\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5148\u6309 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u8bb0\u5f55 PID\u3001\u6240\u5c5e\u7528\u6237\u3001\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff0c\u518d\u5224\u65ad\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u5c5e\u4e8e Nginx\u3001PHP-FPM\u3001MySQL\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u722c\u866b\u4efb\u52a1\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>ps aux --sort=-%cpu | head -n 15\r\nps aux --sort=-%mem | head -n 15\r\ntop -o %CPU<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Web \u7ad9\u70b9\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u6765\u6e90\u5305\u62ec PHP-FPM \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fc7\u591a\u3001\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u5806\u79ef\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u538b\u7f29\u5360\u6ee1 CPU\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c\u5931\u8d25\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u722c\u866b\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6216\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u6bb5\u91cd\u53e0\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u5b58\u4e0e OOM \u98ce\u9669<\/h2>\n<p><code>free -h<\/code> \u4e2d\u7684 available \u6bd4\u5355\u770b free \u66f4\u6709\u53c2\u8003\u4ef7\u503c\u3002Linux \u4f1a\u5c06\u7a7a\u95f2\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u4e8e\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u73b0\u8c61\uff1b\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u5f88\u4f4e\u3001swap \u6301\u7eed\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6216\u5185\u6838\u5df2\u7ecf\u89e6\u53d1 OOM\uff08\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\uff09\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>free -h\r\nvmstat 1 5\r\ndmesg -T | tail -n 80<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0 OOM \u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5148\u51cf\u5c11\u5f02\u5e38\u5e76\u53d1\u6216\u4fee\u590d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff0c\u518d\u8bc4\u4f30 PHP-FPM\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e0a\u9650\u3002\u5355\u7eaf\u589e\u52a0 swap \u53ea\u80fd\u7f13\u51b2\u7a81\u53d1\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u66ff\u4ee3\u5bb9\u91cf\u89c4\u5212\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65\uff1a\u6392\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c I\/O \u7b49\u5f85<\/h2>\n<p>\u78c1\u76d8\u6ee1\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65e0\u6cd5\u5199\u5165\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u5931\u6548\u3001\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e22\u5931\u751a\u81f3\u7f51\u7ad9 502\u3002\u9664\u4e86 <code>df -h<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u67e5 inode \u662f\u5426\u8017\u5c3d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u54ea\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u6b63\u5728\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>df -h\r\ndf -ih\r\ndu -xh \/var | sort -h | tail -n 20\r\njournalctl --disk-usage<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u6b63\u5728\u5199\u5165\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u66f4\u7a33\u59a5\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5148\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f6e\u8f6c\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u4fdd\u7559\u5468\u671f\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u4f46\u4ecd\u88ab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u7528 <code>lsof +L1<\/code> \u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u518d\u6309\u670d\u52a1\u7ef4\u62a4\u6d41\u7a0b\u91cd\u8f7d\u5bf9\u5e94\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b65\uff1a\u68c0\u67e5 Web \u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1<\/h2>\n<p>\u7f51\u7ad9\u6162\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6574\u4f53\u6162\u3002\u5e94\u5206\u522b\u68c0\u67e5\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u3001PHP-FPM \u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code>systemctl status nginx\r\nsystemctl status php-fpm\r\nsystemctl status mysql\r\nss -lntp<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5f53 PHP-FPM \u961f\u5217\u5806\u79ef\u65f6\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u6162\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u6700\u5927\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1b\u5f53 MySQL CPU \u9ad8\u6216\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0c\u5148\u627e\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u9501\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u4fee\u6539\u670d\u52a1\u53c2\u6570\u524d\u8bb0\u5f55\u539f\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u6539\u4e00\u9879\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u786e\u8ba4\u4f18\u5316\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7b2c\u516d\u6b65\uff1a\u786e\u8ba4\u6d41\u91cf\u3001\u722c\u866b\u4e0e\u5f02\u5e38\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h2>\n<p>\u7a81\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\u3001\u6076\u610f\u626b\u63cf\u548c\u5931\u63a7\u722c\u866b\u4f1a\u628a\u6b63\u5e38\u7ad9\u70b9\u62d6\u6162\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u67e5\u770b\u8bf7\u6c42\u91cf\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3001\u8017\u65f6\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u6765\u6e90 IP\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u5927\u91cf 404\u3001\u767b\u5f55\u63a5\u53e3\u3001XML-RPC\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u9875\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code>tail -n 200 \/var\/log\/nginx\/access.log\r\ntail -n 200 \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6076\u610f\u6d41\u91cf\u53ef\u5728 CDN\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6216 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c42\u505a\u9650\u901f\u4e0e\u62e6\u622a\uff1b\u4e0d\u8981\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b21\u5cf0\u503c\u8bef\u5c01\u6b63\u5e38\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u6216\u771f\u5b9e\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u6062\u590d\u540e\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u6e05\u5355<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e3a\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u538b\u7f29\u3001\u626b\u63cf\u7b49\u91cd\u4efb\u52a1\u5b89\u6392\u4f4e\u5cf0\u671f\uff0c\u5e76\u907f\u514d\u5e76\u53d1\u91cd\u53e0\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u542f\u7528 CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u3001I\/O\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u7387\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u76d1\u63a7\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3a\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u5907\u4efd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4fdd\u7559\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f18\u5316\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u957f\u671f\u9760\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u7f13\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u6b21\u6545\u969c\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u75c7\u72b6\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ebf\u7d22\u3001\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u4f5c\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u7ed3\u8bed<\/h2>\n<p>\u6392\u9519\u7684\u5173\u952e\u662f\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u7f29\u5c0f\u8303\u56f4\uff1a\u5148\u770b\u5168\u5c40\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u518d\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u518d\u6df1\u5165\u670d\u52a1\u4e0e\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u517b\u6210\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u4e60\u60ef\u540e\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u201c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5361\u4f4f\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u80fd\u66f4\u5feb\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u4e5f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u957f\u671f\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ad9\u5185\u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<a href=\"\/category\/linux\/\" rel=\"nofollow\" >Linux \u6559\u7a0b<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"\/category\/wordpress\/\" rel=\"nofollow\" >WordPress \u8fd0\u7ef4<\/a>\u3001<a href=\"\/category\/net-security\/\" rel=\"nofollow\" >\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u6587\u7ae0<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7a81\u7136\u53d8\u6162\u3001\u7f51\u7ad9\u51fa\u73b0 502\u3001SSH \u5361\u987f\u6216\u8d1f\u8f7d\u98d9\u5347\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u7acb\u523b\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u95ee\u9898\u6765 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[26,158,40,326,125],"class_list":["post-1136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux","tag-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/byy3.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1136","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/byy3.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/byy3.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/byy3.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/byy3.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1136"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/byy3.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1136\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/byy3.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1136"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/byy3.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1136"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/byy3.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1136"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}