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\u4e8c\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


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1\u3001\u8def\u7531\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


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2\u3001\u900f\u660e\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


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\u900f\u660e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7ec4\u7f51\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe1\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u91c7\u7528\u900f\u660e\u6a21\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u50cf\u653e\u7f6e\u7f51\u6865\uff08bridge\uff09\u4e00\u6837\u63d2\u5165\u8bbe\u5907\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4fee\u6539\u4efb\u4f55\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002IP \u62a5\u6587\u540c\u6837\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u7528\u6237\u4f9d\u65e7\u53d7\u5230\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u900f\u660e\u6a21\u5f0f\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe2\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u57df A \u548c B \u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7f51\u6bb5\u4e14\u6709\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u57df A \u548c B \u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5206\u522b\u52a0\u5165 VLAN A \u548c VLAN B\uff0c\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u5165 VLAN A \u548c VLAN B \u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6865\u63a5\u7ec4\uff0c\u5f53\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u900f\u660e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u95f4\u8f6c\u53d1\u62a5\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u8fdb\u884c VLAN \u6865\u63a5\uff0c\u5c06\u62a5\u6587\u5165 VLAN \u53d8\u6362\u4e3a\u51fa VLAN\uff0c\u518d\u6839\u636e\u62a5\u6587\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u67e5 MAC \u8868\u627e\u5230\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u8bbe\u5907\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u900f\u660e\u7f51\u6865\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u7f51\u6865\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684 IP \u62a5\u6587\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u9001\u5230\u4e0a\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7b49\u76f8\u5173\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8868\u6216 ACL \u89c4\u5219\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u8be5\u62a5\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u5176\u5b83\u653b\u51fb\u9632\u8303\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a<\/strong>
\u8981\u6c42\u4e24\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u900f\u660e\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e14\u6709\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 VLAN \u4e2d\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0\u5165\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a VLAN \u6865\u63a5\u7ec4\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ea\u80fd\u52a0\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6865\u63a5\u7ec4\u3002
\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u900f\u660e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c MAC \u5730\u5740\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5728\u900f\u660e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u95f4\u8f6c\u53d1\u62a5\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5 MAC \u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u4e8c\u5c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u5907\u65e2\u5b58\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u8def\u7531\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff08\u63a5\u53e3\u5177\u6709 IP \u5730\u5740\uff09\uff0c\u53c8\u5b58\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u900f\u660e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff08\u63a5\u53e3\u65e0 IP \u5730\u5740\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u3002

\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u7ec4\u7f51\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe3\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u7f51\u7edc A \u548c B \u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc A \u548c B \u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u4e09\u5c42\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5bf9 A \u548c B \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\uff1b\u7f51\u7edc C \u548c D \u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc C \u548c D \u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u4e8c\u5c42\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c \u5bf9 C \u548c D \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u8981\u8fdb\u884c VLAN \u6865\u63a5\u548c\u4e8c\u5c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e ACL \u5b9e\u65bd\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e2d\u7684 IP \u5c42\u6240\u627f\u8f7d\u7684\u4e0a\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u53f7\u3001\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3001\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u548c\u62a5\u6587\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u900f\u660e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u3001\u4ee5\u592a\u7c7b\u578b\u7b49\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u53d1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5148\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5305\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u548c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684 ACL \u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u51b3\u5b9a\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u53d1\u6216\u8005\u4e22\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe4\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u652f\u6301<\/strong>
\uf0b7 \u666e\u901a IP \u62a5\u6587\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff1a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868 ACL \u5bf9\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u68c0\u67e5\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3001\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b\u53f7\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868\u5141\u8bb8\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6240\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e IP\u3001 TCP \u6216 UDP \u5305\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\uf0b7 \u4e8c\u5c42\u62a5\u6587\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff1a\u900f\u660e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868 ACL \u5bf9\u4e8c\u5c42\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u68c0\u67e5\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6e90\/\u76ee\u7684 MAC\u3001\u4ee5\u592a\u7c7b\u578b\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868\u5141\u8bb8\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u62d2\u7edd\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5339\u914d\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6240\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e MAC \u5934\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uf0b7 \u5206\u7247\u62a5\u6587\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff1a\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u5206\u7247\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u6d4b\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5c06\u8bc6\u522b\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u975e\u5206\u7247\u62a5\u6587\u3001\u9996\u7247\u5206\u7247\u62a5\u6587\u3001\u540e\u7eed\u5206\u7247\u62a5\u6587\uff0c \u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u90fd\u505a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9996\u7247\u5206\u7247\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u6839\u636e\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u4e09\u5c42\u4fe1\u606f\u53ca\u56db\u5c42\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e0e ACL \u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u5219\u8bb0\u5f55\u9996\u7247\u5206\u7247\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\u7eed\u5206\u7247\u7684\u5339\u914d\u4fe1\u606f\u8868\u3002\u5f53\u540e\u7eed\u5206\u7247\u62a5\u6587\u5230\u8fbe\u65f6\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0d\u518d\u8fdb\u884c ACL \u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u9996\u7247\u5206\u7247\u62a5\u6587\u7684 ACL \u5339\u914d\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u5339\u914d ACL \u89c4\u5219\u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u7f3a\u7701\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56db\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9759\u6001\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\uf0b7 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u901a\u9053\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u5982 FTP\u3001 SIP \u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u914d\u7f6e\u65e0\u6cd5\u9884\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uf0b7 \u65e0\u6cd5\u68c0\u6d4b\u67d0\u4e9b\u6765\u81ea\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u5982 TCP SYN\u3001 Java Applets \u7b49\uff09\u3002
\uf0b7 \u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc6\u522b\u6765\u81ea\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4f2a\u9020\u7684 ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u907f\u514d ICMP \u7684\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u3002
\uf0b7 \u5bf9\u4e8e TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u5747\u8981\u6c42\u5176\u9996\u62a5\u6587\u4e3a SYN \u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u975e SYN \u62a5\u6587\u7684 TCP \u9996\u5305\u5c06\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u8bbe\u5907\u9996\u6b21\u52a0\u5165\u7f51\u7edc\u65f6\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u539f\u6709 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u975e\u9996\u5305\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65b0\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8bbe\u5907\u65f6\u5747\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e2d\u65ad\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u72b6\u6001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u2014\u2014ASPF\uff08Application Specific Packet Filter\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002ASPF \u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u6709\uff1a
\uf0b7 \u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec FTP\u3001 HTTP\u3001 SMTP\u3001 RTSP\u3001 H.323\uff08Q.931\u3001 H.245\u3001 RTP\/RTCP\uff09\u68c0\u6d4b\uff1b
\uf0b7 \u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec TCP \u548c UDP \u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u7528 TCP\/UDP \u68c0\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ASPF \u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


ASPF \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/strong>
\uf0b7 \u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u67e5\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u76d1\u63a7\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u5c06\u88ab ASPF \u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u51b3\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4ee5\u963b\u6b62\u6076\u610f\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\uf0b7 \u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u6d4b\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5373\u901a\u7528 TCP\/UDP \u68c0\u6d4b\uff09\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u6e90\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u53ca\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u51b3\u5b9a TCP \u6216 UDP \u62a5\u6587\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ASPF \u7684\u5176\u5b83\u529f\u80fd\u6709\uff1a<\/strong>
\uf0b7 ASPF \u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5bf9\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u52a0\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7ad9\u70b9\u7684 Java Blocking \u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u53d7\u6709\u5bb3\u7684 Java Applets \u7684\u7834\u574f\u3002
\uf0b7 \u652f\u6301 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u9996\u5305\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u5bf9 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u9996\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u4e3a SYN \u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f SYN \u62a5\u6587\u5219\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u914d\u7f6e\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u4e22\u5f03\u8be5\u62a5\u6587\u3002
\uf0b7 \u652f\u6301 ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u6b63\u5e38 ICMP \u5dee\u9519\u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u5747\u643a\u5e26\u6709\u672c\u62a5\u6587\u5bf9\u5e94\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5339\u914d\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5219\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u914d\u7f6e\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u4e22\u5f03\u8be5 ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c ASPF \u548c\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u7b26\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


ASPF \u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Java Blocking<\/strong>
Java Blocking \u662f\u5bf9\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u4f20\u8f93\u7684 Java Applets \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u963b\u65ad\u3002\u5f53\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 Java Blocking \u540e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4e3a\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728 Web \u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5305\u542b Java Applets \u7a0b\u5e8f\u800c\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u4f1a\u88ab\u963b\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5355\u901a\u9053\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u591a\u901a\u9053\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>
\u5355\u901a\u9053\u534f\u8bae\uff1a\u4ece\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5efa\u7acb\u5230\u5220\u9664\u7684\u5168\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u9053\u53c2\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u5982 SMTP\u3001 HTTP\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u591a\u901a\u9053\u534f\u8bae\uff1a\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u901a\u9053\u548c\u82e5\u5e72\u5176\u5b83\u63a7\u5236\u6216\u6570\u636e\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u5373\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f20\u9001\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u901a\u9053\u4e0a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u5982 FTP\u3001 RTSP\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u68c0\u6d4b\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe5\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8def\u7531\u5668\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u62d2\u7edd\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u4f46\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868\u4f1a\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8fde\u63a5\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5f53\u5728\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u68c0\u6d4b\u540e\uff0c ASPF \u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u9879\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868\uff08Temporary Access Control List\uff0c TACL\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n


1. \u72b6\u6001\u8868\u9879\u5728 ASPF \u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u5916\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6240\u5904\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u6d4b\u4f1a\u8bdd\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


2. \u4e34\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868\u7684\u8868\u9879\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u9879\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5b83\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55 ACL \u7684 permit\u9879\u3002TACL \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e00\u5e94\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u901a\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee5 FTP \u68c0\u6d4b\u4e3a\u4f8b\u8bf4\u660e\u591a\u901a\u9053\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

FTP \u68c0\u6d4b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe6\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c FTP \u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe FTP client \u4ee5 1333 \u7aef\u53e3\u5411 FTP server \u7684 21 \u7aef\u53e3\u53d1\u8d77 FTP \u63a7\u5236\u901a\u9053\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u534f\u5546\u51b3\u5b9a\u7531 FTP server \u7684 20 \u7aef\u53e3\u5411 FTP Client \u7684 1600 \u7aef\u53e3\u53d1\u8d77\u6570\u636e\u901a\u9053\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u8d85\u65f6\u6216\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u8fde\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


FTP \u68c0\u6d4b\u5728 FTP \u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u5230\u62c6\u9664\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
1. \u68c0\u67e5\u4ece\u51fa\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u5411\u5916\u53d1\u9001\u7684 IP \u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e TCP \u7684 FTP \u62a5\u6587\u3002
2. \u68c0\u67e5\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u786e\u8ba4\u8fde\u63a5\u4e3a\u63a7\u5236\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8fd4\u56de\u62a5\u6587\u7684 TACL \u548c\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u9879\u3002
3. \u68c0\u67e5 FTP \u63a7\u5236\u8fde\u63a5\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u89e3\u6790 FTP \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6307\u4ee4\u66f4\u65b0\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u9879\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u901a\u9053\u5efa\u7acb\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684 TACL\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002
4. \u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b\u505a\u76f8\u5e94\u5339\u914d\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u5c06\u6839\u636e\u76f8\u5e94\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u9879\u548c TACL \u51b3\u5b9a\u62a5\u6587\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u3002
5. FTP \u8fde\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u65f6\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u8868\u53ca TACL \u968f\u4e4b\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5355\u901a\u9053\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff08\u5982 SMTP\u3001 HTTP\uff09\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5f53\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u5efa\u7acb TACL\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5220\u9664\u65f6\u968f\u4e4b\u5220\u9664TACL \u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u68c0\u6d4b\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406<\/strong>
\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u68c0\u6d4b\u662f\u6307\u901a\u7528 TCP\/UDP \u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u901a\u7528 TCP\/UDP \u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u5982\u6e90\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u53ca\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u7528 TCP\/UDP \u68c0\u6d4b\u8981\u6c42\u8fd4\u56de\u5230 ASPF \u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u8981\u4e0e\u524d\u9762\u4ece ASPF \u5916\u90e8\u63a5\u53e3\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u5b8c\u5168\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5373\u6e90\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u53ca\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u6070\u597d\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u5c06\u88ab\u963b\u585e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u4e8e FTP\u3001 H.323 \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u591a\u901a\u9053\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u914d\u7f6e\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u68c0\u6d4b\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u914d\u7f6e TCP \u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u8fde\u63a5\u65e0\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e94\u3001\u9ed1\u540d\u5355<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u6307\u6839\u636e\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6e90 VPN \u548c\u6e90 IP \u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u540c ACL \u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u7684\u57df\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5b9e\u73b0\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5c06\u7279\u5b9a IP \u5730\u5740\u53d1\u9001\u6765\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u5c4f\u853d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\u7528\u6237\u9759\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u548c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u7528\u6237 B \u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ece\u7528\u6237 B \u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u62a5\u6587\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e22\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe7\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u7684\u652f\u6301<\/strong>
\u9664\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u9759\u6001\u914d\u7f6e\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u5916\uff0c\u5f53\u8bbe\u5907\u53d1\u73b0\u7279\u5b9a IP \u5730\u5740\u5728\u8fdb\u884c IP \u626b\u63cf\u653b\u51fb\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u653b\u51fb\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u53d1\u8d77\u653b\u51fb\u7684 IP \u4e3b\u52a8\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u5df2\u4f7f\u80fd\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u4e2a IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u9759\u6001\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u7684\u8001\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e0\u8bba\u547d\u4e2d\u4e86\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u662f\u5426\u4e3a ACL \u89c4\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5bf9\u6b64\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4e88\u4ee5\u4e22\u5f03\u3002
\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u5bfc\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u5bfc\u5165\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u516d\u3001\u767d\u540d\u5355<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u52a0\u5165\u767d\u540d\u5355\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u88ab\u52a0\u5165\u52a8\u6001\u548c\u9759\u6001\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6e90 VPN \u548c IP \u5730\u5740\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u767d\u540d\u5355\u9879\u3002\u767d\u540d\u5355\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u8bbe\u5907\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u4e1a\u52a1\u62a5\u6587\u5177\u5907 IP \u626b\u63cf\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u653b\u51fb\u7279\u6027\u7684\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u8be5\u7279\u5b9a\u8bbe\u5907\u88ab\u9632\u706b\u5899\u52a0\u5165\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u767d\u540d\u5355\u53ea\u6709\u9759\u6001\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u767d\u540d\u5355\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/strong>
\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u5c06\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 VPN \u548c IP \u5730\u5740\u52a0\u5165\u9632\u706b\u5899\u767d\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8be5\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884c IP \u626b\u63cf\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u653b\u51fb\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176 IP \u5730\u5740\u751f\u6210\u52a8\u6001\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5c06\u767d\u540d\u5355\u4e3b\u673a\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u9759\u6001\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u767d\u540d\u5355\u7684\u652f\u6301<\/strong>
\u5f53\u8bbe\u5907\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u62a5\u6587\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u767d\u540d\u5355\u9879\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u3002\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u8be5\u62a5\u6587\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c IP \u626b\u63cf\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u653b\u51fb\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c06\u6e90 IP \u751f\u6210\u52a8\u6001\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u5b89\u5168\u8fc7\u6ee4\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 ACL \u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001 ASPF\u3001\u6d41\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5b89\u5168\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u679c\u3002
\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u767d\u540d\u5355\u7684\u8001\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\u3002
\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u767d\u540d\u5355\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u5bfc\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u5bfc\u5165\u767d\u540d\u5355\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04<\/strong>
\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u77e5\u540d\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u7ec4\u65b0\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u77e5\u540d\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u53ea\u6709\u548c ASPF\u3001 NAT \u7b49\u9488\u5bf9\u4e1a\u52a1\u654f\u611f\u7684\u7279\u6027\u8054\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u5177\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f01\u4e1a\u79c1\u7f51\u4e2d\uff0c\u5185\u90e8 FTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668 10.10.10.10 \u901a\u8fc7 2121 \u7aef\u53e3\u63d0\u4f9b FTP \u670d\u52a1\u3002\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7 NAT \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee FTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u75282121 \u505a\u4e3a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b FTP \u62a5\u6587\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u662f 21\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6 FTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c06 21 \u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a FTP\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u573a\u5408\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u529f\u80fd\u628a 2121 \u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u6210 FTP \u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5219 NAT \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u628a 2121 \u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a FTP \u534f\u8bae\u62a5\u6587\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9 FTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u5bf9 FTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u652f\u6301<\/strong>
\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u652f\u6301\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 ACL \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5339\u914d\u67d0\u6761 ACL \u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u5b9e\u65bd\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u672c ACL\uff08\u7f16\u53f7 2000\uff5e2999\uff09\u3002\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 ACL \u8fc7\u6ee4\u62a5\u6587\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u53bb\u5339\u914d\u57fa\u672c ACL \u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5916\u90e8 PC \u901a\u8fc7 Router \u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u90e8 WWW \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a 8080\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5916\u90e8 PC \u7684\u62a5\u6587\u901a\u8fc7 Router \u65f6\uff0c\u547d\u4e2d ACL \u7684\u62a5\u6587\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f 129.38.2.4 \u7684\u62a5\u6587\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 Router \u8fdb\u884c\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u8bbf\u95ee WWW\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7aef\u53e3\u6620\u5c04\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe8\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u516b\u3001\u653b\u51fb\u9632\u8303<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b<\/strong>
\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u4e00\u822c\u5206\u4e3a\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\u578b\u653b\u51fb\u3001\u626b\u63cf\u7aa5\u63a2\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u7578\u5f62\u62a5\u6587\u653b\u51fb\u4e09\u5927\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1\u3001\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\u578b\u653b\u51fb
\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\u578b DoS\uff08Denial of Service\uff09\u653b\u51fb\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u653b\u51fb\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u6b63\u5e38\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6c42\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e3b\u673a\u6302\u8d77\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e3b\u8981 DoS \u653b\u51fb\u6709 SYN Flood\u3001 Fraggle \u7b49\u3002
\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff1a\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u53bb\u5bfb\u627e\u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5165\u53e3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u963b\u6b62\u5408\u6cd5\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d44\u6e90\u6216\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2\u3001\u626b\u63cf\u7aa5\u63a2\u653b\u51fb
\u626b\u63cf\u7aa5\u63a2\u653b\u51fb\u662f\u5229\u7528 ping \u626b\u63cf\uff08\u5305\u62ec ICMP \u548c TCP\uff09\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u5b58\u6d3b\u7740\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u6307\u51fa\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5229\u7528 TCP \u548c UDP \u7b49\u8fdb\u884c\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u79cd\u7c7b\u3002
\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u626b\u63cf\u7aa5\u63a2\u5c31\u80fd\u5927\u81f4\u4e86\u89e3\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4fb5\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3\u3001\u7578\u5f62\u62a5\u6587\u653b\u51fb
\u7578\u5f62\u62a5\u6587\u653b\u51fb\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u9001\u6709\u7f3a\u9677\u7684 IP \u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u6837\u7684 IP \u5305\u65f6\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u7ed9\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e26\u6765\u635f\u5931\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7578\u5f62\u62a5\u6587\u653b\u51fb\u6709 Ping of Death\u3001 Teardrop \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u653b\u51fb\u9632\u8303\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Land \u653b\u51fb<\/strong>
Land \u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u628a TCP \u7684 SYN \u5305\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5411\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u53d1\u9001 SYN-ACK \u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53c8\u5411\u81ea\u5df1\u53d1\u56de ACK \u62a5\u6587\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u90fd\u5c06\u4fdd\u7559\u76f4\u5230\u8d85\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Land \u653b\u51fb\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe9\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5bf9 Land \u653b\u51fb\u53cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a UNIX \u4e3b\u673a\u5c06\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c Windows NT \u4e3b\u673a\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u6781\u5176\u7f13\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smurf \u653b\u51fb<\/strong>
\u7b80\u5355\u7684 Smurf \u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u653b\u51fb\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u9001 ICMP \u5e94\u7b54\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u8be5\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a\u90fd\u5bf9\u6b64 ICMP \u5e94\u7b54\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f5c\u51fa\u7b54\u590d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc\u963b\u585e\u3002\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u7b80\u5355 Smurf \u653b\u51fb\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe10\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684 Smurf \u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u653b\u51fb\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u3002\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u9001 ICMP \u5e94\u7b54\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u8be5\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5e94\u7b54\u62a5\u6587\u90fd\u5c06\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9ad8\u7ea7 Smurf \u653b\u51fb\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe11\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Smurf \u653b\u51fb\u62a5\u6587\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u6784\u6210\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u6548\u679c\u8d8a\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


WinNuke \u653b\u51fb<\/strong>
NetBIOS \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u6253\u5370\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\uff08IPC\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c NetBIOS \u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 LLC2 \u94fe\u8def\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ec4\u64ad\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u5728 TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0 NetBIOS\uff0c RFC \u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4ea4\u4e92\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684 TCP\/UDP \u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uf0b7 139\uff1aNetBIOS \u4f1a\u8bdd\u670d\u52a1\u7684 TCP \u7aef\u53e3\u3002
\uf0b7 137\uff1aNetBIOS \u540d\u5b57\u670d\u52a1\u7684 UDP \u7aef\u53e3\u3002
\uf0b7 136\uff1aNetBIOS \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u670d\u52a1\u7684 UDP \u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Windows \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 NetBIOS over TCP\/IP \u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u653e\u4e86 139 \u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


WinNuke \u653b\u51fb\u5c31\u662f\u5229\u7528\u4e86 Windows \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a 139 \u7aef\u53e3\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e9b\u643a\u5e26 TCP \u5e26\u5916\uff08OOB\uff09\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u653b\u51fb\u62a5\u6587\u4e0e\u6b63\u5e38\u643a\u5e26 OOB \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6587\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5176\u6307\u9488\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u7b26\uff0c\u5373\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u53e0\uff0cWindows \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SYN Flood \u653b\u51fb<\/strong>
SYN Flood \u653b\u51fb\u5229\u7528 TCP \u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53d1\u52a8\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53d1\u9001 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08SYN \u62a5\u6587\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76ee\u6807\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 SYN-ACK \u62a5\u6587\u4e0d\u4f5c\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u7684 ACK \u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u534a\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fde\u63a5\u8d85\u65f6\u624d\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u534a\u8fde\u63a5\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe12\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d1\u9001\u5927\u91cf TCP SYN \u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u8ba9\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u751f\u6210\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u534a\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u5176\u5927\u91cf\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e00\u65e6\u8d44\u6e90\u8017\u5c3d\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u901f\u5ea6\u6781\u6162\u3001\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u5165\u7b49\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f2a\u9020 SYN \u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u5176\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4f2a\u9020\u7684\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53d1\u8d77\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ICMP Flood<\/strong> \u653b\u51fb
\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4f1a\u7528 PING \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
1. \u6e90\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5411\u63a5\u6536\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53d1\u51fa ICMP \u54cd\u5e94\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\uff08ICMP ECHO\uff09\u3002
2. \u63a5\u6536\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u63a5\u6536\u5230 ICMP \u54cd\u5e94\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5411\u6e90\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u56de\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a ICMP \u5e94\u7b54\u62a5\u6587\uff08ECHO Reply\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u9700\u8981 CPU \u5904\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u6d88\u8017\u6389\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u5927\u91cf\u7684 ICMP ECHO \u62a5\u6587\uff08\u4ea7\u751f ICMP \u6d2a\u6c34\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f1a\u5fd9\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b ECHO\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ICMP Flood \u653b\u51fb\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe13\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

UDP Flood<\/strong> \u653b\u51fb
UDP Flood \u653b\u51fb\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e0e ICMP Flood \u653b\u51fb\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001\u5927\u91cf\u7684 UDP \u62a5\u6587\u7ed9\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5fd9\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b UDP \u62a5\u6587\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u3002
\u5730\u5740\u626b\u63cf\u4e0e\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u63cf\u653b\u51fb\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u8fd0\u7528\u626b\u63cf\u5de5\u5177\u63a2\u6d4b\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a2\u6d4b\u4f5c\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u54cd\u5e94\u7528\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u76ee\u6807\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5b58\u6d3b\u7740\u5e76\u4e14\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u5f00\u653e\u6216\u8005\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ping of Death \u653b\u51fb<\/strong>
\u6240\u8c13 Ping of Death\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c3a\u5bf8\u8d85\u5927\u7684 ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u3002
IP \u62a5\u6587\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a 16 \u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u4e00\u4e2a IP \u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 65535\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e ICMP \u56de\u5e94\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u957f\u5ea6\u5927\u4e8e 65507\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f ICMP \u6570\u636e\uff0bIP \u5934\u957f\u5ea6\uff0820\uff09\uff0bICMP \u5934\u957f\u5ea6\uff088\uff09 > 65535\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u4e9b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5f53\uff0c\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u7cfb\u7edf\u5d29\u6e83\u3001\u6b7b\u673a\u6216\u91cd\u542f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ICMP \u8d85\u5927\u62a5\u6587\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe14\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Large-ICMP \u653b\u51fb<\/strong>
\u540c ping of death \u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c Large-ICMP \u4e5f\u662f\u5229\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684 ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u4e0e ping of death \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c Large-ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7 IP \u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6 65535\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u7834\u73af\u3002
\u9700\u8981\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u7684 ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ICMP-Unreachable \u653b\u51fb<\/strong>
\u67d0\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u6536\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a 3\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a 0\uff09\u6216\u4e3b\u673a\uff08\u62a5\u6587\u7c7b\u578b\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a 3\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e3a 1\uff09\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u53d1\u5f80\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ICMP-Unreachable \u653b\u51fb\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe15\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u865a\u5047\u7684 ICMP-Unreachable \u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u5e72\u6270\u4e86\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u62a5\u6587\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


ICMP-Redirect \u653b\u51fb<\/strong>
ICMP-Redirect \u653b\u51fb\u548c ICMP-Unreachable \u653b\u51fb\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002
\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001 ICMP \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e3b\u673a\u4fee\u6539\u8def\u7531\u3002
\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u8de8\u8d8a\u7f51\u6bb5\u5411\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u865a\u5047\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8868\u3002
\u8fd9\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u5e72\u6270\u4e86\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u62a5\u6587\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ICMP-Redirect \u653b\u51fb\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe16\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

IP-fragment \u653b\u51fb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


IP \u62a5\u6587\u4e2d\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0e\u5206\u7247\u6709\u5173\uff1aDF\uff08Don\u2019 t Fragmentate\uff09\u4f4d\u3001 MF \u4f4d\u3001 Fragment Offset\u3001 Length\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u503c\u51fa\u73b0\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u800c\u8bbe\u5907\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5f53\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8bbe\u5907\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u762b\u75ea\u3002\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\uff1a
\uf0b7 DF \u4f4d\u88ab\u7f6e\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c MF \u4f4d\u540c\u65f6\u88ab\u7f6e\u4f4d\u6216 Fragment Offset \u4e0d\u4e3a 0\u3002
\uf0b7 DF \u4f4d\u4e3a 0\uff0c\u800c Fragment Offset + Length > 65535\u3002
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5206\u7247\u62a5\u6587\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u76ee\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u7f13\u51b2\u548c\u91cd\u7ec4\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u5e94\u76f4\u63a5\u4e22\u5f03\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5907\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5206\u7247\u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teardrop \u653b\u51fb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c IP \u62a5\u6587\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u7684 MTU\uff08\u6700\u5927\u4f20\u8f93\u5355\u5143\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7247\u3002\u5728 IP \u62a5\u5934\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u504f\u79fb\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08OFFSET\uff09\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7247\u6807\u5fd7\uff08MF\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c MF \u6807\u5fd7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 1\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a IP \u62a5\u6587\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927 IP\u5305\u7684\u5206\u7247\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u504f\u79fb\u5b57\u6bb5\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7247\u65ad\u5728\u6574\u4e2a IP \u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u62a5\u6587\u5934\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u8fd8\u539f\u8be5 IP\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u5728 MTU \u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u94fe\u8def\u4e0a\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u88ab\u5206\u6210\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a IP \u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a IP \u62a5\u6587\u5c06\u5728\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec4\u88c5\uff0c\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u539f\u59cb\u7684 IP \u62a5\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5206\u7247\u7ec4\u88c5\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe17\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u6253\u7834\u8fd9\u79cd\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u628a\u504f\u79fb\u5b57\u6bb5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u91cd\u5408\u6216\u65ad\u5f00\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u5728\u6536\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8fd9\u79cd\u542b\u6709\u91cd\u53e0\u504f\u79fb\u7684\u4f2a\u9020\u5206\u6bb5\u65f6\u4f1a\u5d29\u6e83\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684 Teardrop \u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Teardrop \u653b\u51fb\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe18\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Fraggle \u653b\u51fb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Fraggle \u653b\u51fb\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e0e Smurf \u653b\u51fb\u7684\u539f\u7406\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c Fraggle \u653b\u51fb\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u662f UDP \u62a5\u6587\u800c\u975e ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u662f UDP \u62a5\u6587\uff0c Fraggle \u653b\u51fb\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a7f\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u963b\u6b62 ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Fraggle \u653b\u51fb\u5229\u7528\u7684\u539f\u7406\u662f\uff1aUDP \u7aef\u53e3 7\uff08ECHO\uff09\u548c\u7aef\u53e3 19\uff08Chargen\uff09\u5728\u6536\u5230 UDP \u62a5\u6587\u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a
\uf0b7 UDP \u7684 7 \u53f7\u7aef\u53e3\u6536\u5230\u62a5\u6587\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u8c61 ICMP Echo Reply \u4e00\u6837\u56de\u5e94\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002
\uf0b7 UDP \u7684 19 \u53f7\u7aef\u53e3\u5728\u6536\u5230\u62a5\u6587\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e32\u5b57\u7b26\u6d41\u3002
\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a UDP \u7aef\u53e3\u90fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u5e94\u7b54\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u6324\u5360\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u9001\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u4e3b\u673a\u3001\u800c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u5176\u6240\u5728\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u6216\u5b50\u7f51\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u7684 UDP \u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a 7\uff08ECHO\uff09\u6216 19\uff08Chargen\uff09\u3002\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2d\u542f\u7528\u4e86\u6b64\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u4f1a\u5411\u53d7\u5bb3\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u5e94\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u53d7\u5bb3\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u963b\u585e\u6216\u53d7\u5bb3\u4e3b\u673a\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u6240\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u6ca1\u6709\u542f\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a ICMP \u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6d88\u8017\u5e26\u5bbd\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u5c06\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u6539\u4e3a\u7aef\u53e3 19\uff08Chargen\uff09 \uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e3a 7\uff08ECHO\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u4ea7\u751f\u56de\u5e94\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u5176\u5371\u5bb3\u6027\u66f4\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tracert \u653b\u51fb<\/strong>
Tracert \u662f\u5229\u7528 TTL\uff08Time To Live\uff09\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 ICMP \u8d85\u65f6\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u548c\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u7684 ICMP \u7aef\u53e3\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u62a5\u6587\u6765\u53d1\u73b0\u62a5\u6587\u5230\u8fbe\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002
\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528 Tracert \u7aa5\u63a2\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5bf9\u7f51\u7edc\u9020\u6210\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5371\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7578\u5f62 TCP \u62a5\u6587\u653b\u51fb<\/strong>
\u7578\u5f62 TCP \u62a5\u6587\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6545\u610f\u9519\u8bef\u8bbe\u7f6e TCP \u5934\u4e2d\u7684 6 \u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u63a5\u6536\u65b9 TCP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8fbe\u5230\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e5d\u3001\u6d41\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\u53ca\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u5bf9\u5185\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u53d1\u8d77\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u5206\u6790\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e8b\u540e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7cfb\u7edf\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5206\u6790\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u5411\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u8d77\u7684 TCP\/UDP \u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u8fc7\u8bbe\u5b9a\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u9650\u5236\u8be5\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u8d77\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u9650\u5236\u5411\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u67d0\u4e00 IP \u5730\u5740\u53d1\u8d77\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56fe\u662f\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5f53\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u5230\u5185\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u5bf9 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668 129.1.9.1 \u53d1\u8d77\u7684 TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u5c06\u9650\u5236\u5916\u90e8\u7f51\u7edc\u5411\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u8d77\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u964d\u5230\u6b63\u5e38\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u8d85\u9650\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe19\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u8bbe\u5907\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\u53ca\u76d1\u63a7\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u542f\u7528\u4e86\u9632\u706b\u5899\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u57df\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u5373\u8bbe\u5907\u7edf\u8ba1\u6240\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u57df\u95f4\u7684 ICMP\u3001 TCP\u3001 UDP \u7b49\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u3002\u5f53\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u91c7\u53d6\u9650\u5236\u8fde\u63a5\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u964d\u81f3\u9608\u503c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u57df\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u57df\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u5bf9\u672c\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u57df\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u57df\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u751f\u6548\uff0c\u5373\u8bbe\u5907\u4f1a\u7edf\u8ba1\u672c\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u57df\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u57df\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u7684 TCP\u3001 UDP \u7b49\u8fde\u63a5\u603b\u6570\u3002\u5f53\u672c\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u57df\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6240\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u57df\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u603b\u6570\u6216\u8005\u67d0\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u603b\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u91c7\u53d6\u9650\u5236\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u964d\u81f3\u9608\u503c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u57fa\u4e8e IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u76d1\u63a7<\/strong>
\u57fa\u4e8e IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\u5355\u4e2a IP \u5730\u5740\u6240\u5efa\u7acb\u7684 TCP\/UDP \u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u6e90 IP \u5730\u5740\u53d1\u8d77\u6216\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u63a5\u6536\u7684 TCP \u6216 UDP \u8fde\u63a5\u603b\u6570\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u8fc7\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u9608\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u9650\u5236\u8be5\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u53d1\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d7\u5230\u6076\u610f\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u6216\u56e0\u7cfb\u7edf\u592a\u5fd9\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u62d2\u7edd\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002
\u5f53 TCP\/UDP \u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u964d\u81f3\u9608\u503c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u540e\uff0c\u6e90 IP \u5730\u5740\u6216\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u8d77\u6216\u8005\u63a5\u53d7 TCP \u6216 UDP \u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5341\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong>
\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u8bb0\u5f55\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u548c\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u9632\u706b\u5899\u63aa\u65bd\u3001\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u67d0\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4fe1\u606f\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5f52\u6863\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u68c0\u67e5\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3001\u4f55\u65f6\u4f55\u4eba\u8bd5\u56fe\u8fdd\u80cc\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u6b63\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u68c0\u67e5\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3001\u68c0\u6d4b\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u548c\u5165\u4fb5\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u8bbe\u5907\u5bf9\u9632\u706b\u5899\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u652f\u6301<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong>
\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u5730\u5740\u626b\u7784\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u626b\u7784\u7b49\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u4f7f\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f1a\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002
\u624b\u52a8\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002
\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u7684\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u3001\u624b\u52a8\u52a0\u5165\u7684\u9759\u6001\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u5230\u8001\u5316\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u89e3\u9664\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u653b\u51fb\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bbe\u5907\u53d1\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u7c7b\u578b\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u653b\u51fb\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u653b\u51fb\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6d41\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong>
\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u5c40\u3001\u533a\u57df\u51fa\u5165\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7\u6240\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u9608\u503c\u4e0a\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u6d41\u91cf\u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5f53\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6570\u4f4e\u4e8e\u6240\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u9608\u503c\u4e0b\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u6d41\u91cf\u6062\u590d\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6d41\u65e5\u5fd7<\/strong>
\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6d41\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u5728\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8868\u8001\u5316\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u6d41\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u65e5\u5fd7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u865a\u62df\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/strong>
\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5c0f\u578b\u79c1\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u4e00\u822c\u5bf9\u5e94\u5c0f\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u7528\u6237\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a
\uf0b7 \u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u8303\u9700\u6c42\u3002
\uf0b7 \u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u65e0\u6cd5\u8d1f\u62c5\u4e00\u53f0\u4e13\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u8bbe\u5907\u652f\u6301\u4ece\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u53f0\u865a\u62df\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u578b\u79c1\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u63d0\u4f9b\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u3002
\u6bcf\u53f0\u865a\u62df\u9632\u706b\u5899\u90fd\u662f VPN\uff08Virtual Private Network\uff09\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff08VPN-Instance\uff09\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u79c1\u6709\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8f6c\u53d1\u5e73\u9762\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

VPN \u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong>
VPN \u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u4e92\u9694\u79bb\u7684 VPN \u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b VPN \u8def\u7531\u5c06\u4e3a\u5404\u865a\u62df\u9632\u706b\u5899\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u63d0\u4f9b\u8def\u7531\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b89\u5168\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong>
\u5b89\u5168\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u4e92\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4e0e\u865a\u62df\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5177\u5907\u79c1\u6709\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u57df\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u57df\u95f4\u3001 ACL \u548c NAT \u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u3001\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u6d41\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u653b\u51fb\u9632\u8303\u3001 ASPF \u548c NAT \u7b49\u79c1\u6709\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e3b\u5907<\/strong>
\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8bbe\u5907\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\u4fdd\u969c\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u4e0d\u4e2d\u65ad\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8bbe\u5907\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u4e24\u53f0\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5b9e\u73b0\u5197\u4f59\u8def\u7531\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7528\uff08Master\uff09\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3a\u5907\u7528\uff08Backup\uff09\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002\u4e3b\u7528\u548c\u5907\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5404\u63a5\u53e3\u5206\u522b\u8fde\u63a5\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u57df\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e3b\u5907\u72b6\u6001\u7531 VRRP \u534f\u8bae\u534f\u5546\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 HSB \u534f\u8bae\u5b9e\u73b0\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8868\u9879\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e3b\u5907<\/strong>
\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u72b6\u6001\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u53ea\u68c0\u67e5\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6d41\u7684\u9996\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8868\u9879\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8868\u9879\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8868\u9879\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u62a5\u6587\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u8fd4\u56de\u62a5\u6587\uff09\u53ea\u6709\u5339\u914d\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8868\u9879\u624d\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e3b\u5907\u7ec4\u7f51\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe20\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c Firewall A \u4f5c\u4e3a Master \u8bbe\u5907\u5e76\u627f\u62c5\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5176\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u52a8\u6001\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8868\u9879\uff1b\u800c Firewall B\u5219\u5904\u4e8e\u5907\u4efd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6d41\u91cf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5982\u679c Firewall A \u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\u6216\u76f8\u5173\u94fe\u8def\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c Firewall B \u5c06\u4f1a\u5207\u6362\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u6210\u65b0\u7684 Master\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u627f\u62c5\u4f20\u8f93\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u5982\u679c\u72b6\u6001\u5207\u6362\u524d\uff0c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8868\u9879\u6ca1\u6709\u5907\u4efd\u5230 Firewall B\uff0c\u5219\u5148\u524d\u7ecf\u8fc7 Firewall A \u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f1a\u8bdd\u90fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e0\u6cd5\u5339\u914d Firewall B \u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8868\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0 Master \u9632\u706b\u5899\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\u65f6\u80fd\u7531 Backup \u9632\u706b\u5899\u5e73\u6ed1\u5730\u63a5\u66ff\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728 Master \u548c Backup \u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b9e\u65f6\u5907\u4efd\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8868\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\u5f53\u524d\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e3b\u5907\u901a\u8fc7 HSB \u673a\u5236\u5b9e\u73b0\u5728 Master \u548c Backup \u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8868\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e3b\u5907\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8981\u6c42<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u9632\u706b\u5899\u62a5\u6587\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168-\u9632\u706b\u5899-\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u63d2\u56fe21\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684 VRRP \u72b6\u6001\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u8868\u793a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0a\u548c\u5404\u5b89\u5168\u533a\u57df\u76f8\u8fde\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u63a5\u53e3\u72b6\u6001\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5373\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u4e8e\u4e3b\u7528\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u4e8e\u5907\u7528\u72b6\u6001\u3002

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